Greek | Meaning | Notes |
---|---|---|
ἔβαλον | I threw, cast | 2nd Aor. of βάλλω |
εἶδον | I saw | 2nd Aor. of βλέπω |
εἶπον | I said | 2nd Aor. of λέγω |
ἔλαβον | I took | 2nd Aor. of λαμβάνω |
ἤγαγον | I led | 2nd Aor. of ἄγω |
ἦλθον | I came, went | 2nd Aor. of ἔρχομαι |
ἤνεγκα | I bore, brought | 1st Aor. of φέρω |
ἤνεγκον | I bore, brought | 2nd Aor. of φέρω |
λεἰπω | I leave | |
ἔλιπον | I left | 2nd Aor. of λείπω |
πάσχω | I suffer | |
ἔπαθον | I suffered | 2nd Aor. of πάσχω -- cognate: empathy |
πίπτω | I fall | |
ἔπεσον | I fell | 2nd Aor. of πίπτω |
ἔσχον | I had | 2nd Αor. of ἔχω |
ἔφαγον | I ate | 2nd Aor. of ἐσθίω -- cognate: esophagus |
Lexical Study
Singular | ||
Form | Meaning | |
---|---|---|
1st | ἔλιπον | I left |
2nd | ἔλιπες | yous left |
3rd | ἔλιπε (ν) | he/she/it left |
Plural | ||
Form | Meaning | |
1st | ἐλίπομεν | we left |
2nd | ἐλίπετε | youp left |
3rd | ἔλιπον | they left |
Singular | ||
Form | Meaning | |
---|---|---|
1st | ἐλιπόμην | I left for myself |
2nd | ἐλίπου | yous left for yourself |
3rd | ἐλίπετο | he/she/it left for himself |
Plural | ||
Form | Meaning | |
1st | ἐλιπόμεθα | we left for ourselves |
2nd | ἐλίπεσθε | youp left for yourselves |
3rd | ἐλίποντο | they left for themselves |
- The second aorist is unlike the first aorist because it does not add σα or κα to the stem.
- Instead it radically changes the spelling of the stem.
- The second aorist passive is different from the middle forms
- The only way to tell if a verb has a first aorist form or a second aorist form is by looking at the list in the Appendix 1.
- The second aorist is formed just like the imperfect:
- Add the augment ε to the front because it is a past tense.
- Add the secondary endings to the end of the new stem: -ν, -ς, none, -μεν, -τε, -ν (or -σαν)
- Rarely, some verbs, like φέρω have both a first aorist and a second aorist.
- The function of the second aorist is exactly the same as that of the first aorist--completed action in past time.
Translate the following:
- παρέλαβε τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν παρὰ τοῦ μεσσίου, καὶ κηρύσσει αὐτὴν ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ.
- ἐγένοντο οἱ μαθηταὶ τοῦ κυρίου.
- ὁ χριστός ἐξέβαλε τὰς ἁμαρτίας τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν αὐτούς.
- καὶ εἴδομεν τὸν κύριον καὶ ἠκούσαμεν τῶν λόγων αὐτοῦ.
- οἱ ἀπόστολοι εἶδον τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ, ἐγένετο γὰρ αὐτὸς ἄνθρωπος καὶ ἔμενεν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ.
- ταῦτα εἴπετε ἡμῖν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, ἐκεῖνα δὲ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ.
- οὐδὲ εἰσῆλθες εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, οὐδὲ εἶπες λόγους ἀγάπης τοῖς τέκνοις.
- τὰ ἱερὰ αἱ πισταὶ ἔλιπον, καὶ κατῆλθον εἰς τοὺς οἴκους αὐτῶν.
- ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἤγαγε τὰ τέκνα πρὸς τὸν κύριον ὅτι ἔσχε τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ.
- οἱ δίκαιοι ἔφαγον ἄρτον ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ καὶ ἐδόξασαν τὸν θεόν.
- ὁ χριστὸς ἔπαθε πονηρὰ ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτωλῶν.
- τὰ τέκνα ἤνεγκε λίθους καὶ εἰσέβαλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ προφήτου.